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 The Technical Regulations is a document (legal act), which sets technical standards for the mandatory application to the objects of technical regulation. For objects of technical regulation are: production processes, management, storage, transport, sale and disposal of products, including buildings.
The concept of technical regulations was introduced for the first time with Federal Law No. 184, December 27, 2002 "On technical regulation", which included the replacement of tens of thousands of GOST and health standards with a few hundred Technical Regulations.
Technical regulations would replace the outdated system of standardization, Russian and adjust only the material relating to security. The old GOST no longer meet the needs of the market and are extremely confused. Consequently, the mandatory certification has taken on a purely formal aspect. Because of this confusion certification bodies can always find an excuse to define the product as non-compliant, which returns to be consistent only after the payment of a bribe.
The law established a clear distinction between technical regulations and standards. The latter are defined as the application of voluntary standards, while the first application as mandatory standards, which establish minimum requirements to meet safety and can be applied only in the following cases:
1) to protect and safeguard the lives and health of citizens, property of natural persons and legal entities, state assets and local authorities;
2) to protect the environment and protect the flora and fauna;
3) to prevent actions which may mislead the consumer.
For the transitional period that has lasted for over 8 years, and prior approval of specific technical regulations in order to ensure compliance with the safeguards mentioned above, continue to be applied GOST, GOST R and building regulations and current health force.
Technical regulations currently in force:
- Special technical regulation on requirements for emissions of harmful (polluting) substances by vehicles in circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation, entered into force on 12/04/2006;
- Technical regulation on requirements for automotive and aviation gasoline, diesel and marine fuel, jet fuel and heating oil, entered into force on 05/09/2008;
- Technical regulation on milk and milk products, entered into force on 17/12/2008;
- Technical regulation on oil and fat products, entered into force on 28/12/2008;
- Technical regulation on juice products from fruits and vegetables, entered into force on 28/04/2009;
- Technical regulation on fire safety requirements, entered into force on 01/05/2009;
- Technical regulation on tobacco products, entered into force on 26/12/2009;
- Technical regulation on the security of buildings and structures, entered into force on 01/07/2010;
- Technical regulation on the safety of wheeled vehicles, entered into force on 23/09/2010;
- Technical regulation on safety of machinery and equipment, came into force on 25/09/2010;
- Technical regulation on safety of lifts, entered into force on 14/10/2010;
- Technical regulation on safety of pyrotechnic compositions and products containing them, entered into force;
- Technical regulation on safety of low voltage equipment, entered into force on 31/12/2010 - SUSPENDED;
- Technical regulation on approval of technical rules on security requirements for blood, its products, substituting the solutions and technical means used in transfusion-infusion therapy, entered into force on 31/12/2010;
- Technical regulation on the safety of gas appliances, came into force on 01/01/2011.
Technical Regulations approved but not entered into force yet:
- Technical regulation on the safety of sea transport, Government Decree No 620 of 12/08/2010, shall enter into force on 23/08/2011;
- Technical regulation on the safety of gas distribution networks, Government Decree No 870 of 29/10/2011;
- Technical regulation on safety equipment for potentially explosive environments, Government Decree No 86 of 24/02/2010, shall enter into force on 01/01/2012;
- Technical rules on product safety for children and adolescents, Government Decree No 307 of 07/04/2009, shall enter into force on 01/01/2012;
- Technical regulation on the safety of river transport, Government Decree No 623 of 12/08/2010, shall enter into force on 12/02/2012;
- Technical regulation on the safety of personal protective equipment, Government Decree No 1213 of 24/09/2009, shall enter into force on 01/07/2012;
- Technical regulation on the safety of high-speed railway vehicles, Government Decree No 553 of 15/07/2010, shall enter into force on 26/07/2013;
- Technical regulation on the safety of rail infrastructure, Government Decree No 525 of 15/07/2010, shall enter into force on 26/07/2013;
- Technical regulation on the safety of railway vehicles, Government Decree No 524 of 15/07/2010, shall enter into force on 02/08/2013.
In December 2009, President Dmitry Medvedev has submitted to the Duma a draft law providing for the possibility of adopting technical regulations in Russia, foreign (especially EU). The registration of these regulations will be made by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandard).
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